Protein Structure and Engineering

          Basic review of the structures and properties of amino acid peptide bonds, peptides, polypeptides & proteins, concepts for protein engineering, protein detection, purification and evaluation, electrophoresis, size determination, quaternary structure evaluation, protein primary structure determination, electronic structures and properties of amino acid residues and their reactivities, chemical synthesis of peptides & proteins; biological nucleic acid and protein synthesis & posttranslational modifications, Methods in genetic engineering of proteins, molecular evolution and the use of protein sequence alignment & analysis, physical basis of size and shape determination (e.g. diffusion, analytical centrifugation, light scattering, small angle X-ray scattering), spectroscopic evaluation of secondary structure and tertiary structure,  protein structure determination by X-ray crystallography, NMR, & EM tomography, structural modeling and prediction, protein folding, protein interactions with ligands, proteins in membranes, student proposal on protein engineering.